发布:2016/12/21 23:32:14作者:管理员 来源:本站 浏览次数:1300
Zypper是SUSE Linux中用于安装,升级,卸载,管理仓库、进行各种包查询的命令行接口。本篇将会讨论zypper的几个不同命令的例子。
语法:
- # zypper [--global-opts] <command> [--command-opts] [command-arguments]
中括号中的部分可以不需要。执行zypper最简单的方法是输入 zypper 及 。
打开终端,输入zypper并按回车,它会显示所有可用的全局选项和命令。
- linux-xa3t:~ # zypper
语法: zypper help [command]
- linux-xa3t:~ # zypper help remove
- remove (rm) [options] <capability> ...
- Remove packages with specified capabilities.
- A capability is NAME[.ARCH][OP<VERSION>], where OP is one of <, <=, =, >=, >.
- Command options:
- -r, --repo <alias|#|URI> Load only the specified repository.
- -t, --type <type> Type of package (package, patch, pattern, product).
- Default: package.
- -n, --name Select packages by plain name, not by capability.
- -C, --capability Select packages by capability.
- --debug-solver Create solver test case for debugging.
- -R, --no-force-resolution Do not force the solver to find solution,let it ask.
- --force-resolution Force the solver to find a solution (even an aggressive one).
- -u, --clean-deps Automatically remove unneeded dependencies.
- -U, --no-clean-deps No automatic removal of unneeded dependencies.
- -D, --dry-run Test the removal, do not actually remove.
- linux-xa3t:~ # zypper sh
- zypper>
或
- linux-xa3t:~ # zypper shell
- zypper>
- linux-xa3t:~ # zypper repos
或
- linux-xa3t:~ # zypper lr
- linux-xa3t:~ # zypper lr -p
- linux-xa3t:~ # zypper ref
- Repository 'openSUSE-13.1-Non-Oss' is up to date.
- Repository 'openSUSE-13.1-Oss' is up to date.
- Repository 'openSUSE-13.1-Update' is up to date.
- Repository 'openSUSE-13.1-Update-Non-Oss' is up to date.
- All repositories have been refreshed.
zypper仓库可以通过别名、数字或者URI或者通过‘–all、 –remote、 –local、 –medium-type’这些选项修改。
linux-xa3t:~ # zypper mr -d 6 #禁用6号仓库 linux-xa3t:~ # zypper mr -rk -p 70 upd #启用自动书信并为‘upd’仓库设置rpm文件‘缓存’,且设置它的优先级为70 linux-xa3t:~ # zypper mr -Ka #为所有的仓库禁用rpm文件缓存 linux-xa3t:~ # zypper mr -kt #为远程仓库设置rpm文件缓存
语法: zypper addrepo 或者 zypper ar <仓库的URL或者别名>
- linux-xa3t:~ # zypper ar http://download.opensuse.org/update/13.1/ update
- Adding repository 'update' .............................................[done]
- Repository 'update' successfully added
- Enabled: Yes
- Autorefresh: No
- GPG check: Yes
- URI: http://download.opensuse.org/update/13.1/
语法: zypper removerepo <仓库名> <别名>
或者
zypper rr <仓库名> <别名>
- linux-xa3t:~ # zypper rr openSUSE-13.1-1.10 openSUSE-13.1-1.10
- Removing repository 'openSUSE-13.1-1.10' ............................[done]
- Repository 'openSUSE-13.1-1.10' has been removed.
语法: zypper install <包名> 或者 zypper in <包名>
- linux-xa3t:~ # zypper install vlc
语法: zypper remove <包名> 或者 zypper rm <包名>
- linux-xa3t:~ # zypper remove sqlite
导出仓库的语法 : zypper repos –export 或者 zypper lr -e
- linux-xa3t:~ # zypper lr --export repo-backup/back.repo
- Repositories have been successfully exported to repo-backup/back.repo.
导入仓库的语法 :
- linux-xa3t:~ # zypper ar repo-backup/back.repo
语法: zypper update <包名> 或者 zypper up <包名>
- linux-xa3t:~ # zypper update bash
语法: zypper source-install <源码包> 或 zypper si <源码包>
- linux-xa3t:~ # zypper source-install zypper
例子13中的命令会安装和构建特定包的依赖。如果你想要安装源码包就用-D选项
- # zypper source-install -D package_name
只安装依赖就使用-d
- # zypper source-install -d package_name
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