发布：2024/1/27 18:00:44作者：管理员 来源：本站 浏览次数：1064

本文主要介绍使用 Java 来操作 Solr，文中所使用到的软件版本：Java 1.8.0_191、Solr 8.9.0。

1、定义 Schema 信息

假设一个描述诗人信息的文档包含如下字段：

字段 描述

id 唯一主键

age 年龄

name 姓名

poems 诗歌

about 简介

success 成就

定义的 schema 信息如下：

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<field name="about" type="text_ik" uninvertible="true" indexed="true" stored="true"/>

<field name="age" type="pint" uninvertible="true" indexed="true" stored="true"/>

<field name="content" type="text_ik" uninvertible="true" indexed="true" stored="true" multiValued="true"/>

<field name="id" type="string" multiValued="false" indexed="true" required="true" stored="true"/>

<field name="name" type="text_ik" uninvertible="true" indexed="true" stored="true"/>

<field name="poems" type="text_ik" uninvertible="true" indexed="true" stored="true"/>

<field name="success" type="text_ik" uninvertible="true" indexed="true" stored="true"/>

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2、Java 操作 Solr

2.1、引入依赖

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<dependency>

   <groupId>org.apache.solr</groupId>

   <artifactId>solr-solrj</artifactId>

   <version>8.9.0</version>

</dependency>

<dependency>

   <groupId>org.apache.solr</groupId>

   <artifactId>solr-core</artifactId>

   <version>8.9.0</version>

</dependency>

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2.2、编写 demo

2.2.1、增加/更新文档

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@Test

public void update() throws IOException, SolrServerException {

   SolrInputDocument document = new SolrInputDocument();

   document.addField("id", "123456");

   document.addField("age", 30);

   document.addField("name", "李白2");

   document.addField("poems", "望庐山瀑布");

   document.addField("about", "字太白");

   document.addField("success", "创造了古代浪漫主义文学高峰、歌行体和七绝达到后人难及的高度");

   SolrInputDocument document2 = new SolrInputDocument();

   document2.addField("id", "123457");

   document2.addField("age", 31);

   document2.addField("name", "杜甫");

   document2.addField("poems", "望岳");

   document2.addField("about", "字子美");

   document2.addField("success", "唐代伟大的现实主义文学作家，唐诗思想艺术的集大成者");

   solrClient.add(coreName, document);

   solrClient.add(coreName, document2);

   solrClient.commit(coreName, true,true);

}

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还可以通过实体类来增加/更新文档：

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@Test

public void update2() throws IOException, SolrServerException {

   PoetInfo info = new PoetInfo("123456", 40, "李白", "望庐山瀑布", "字太白", "创造了古代浪漫主义文学高峰、歌行体和七绝达到后人难及的高度");

   solrClient.addBean(coreName, info);

   solrClient.commit(coreName, true,true);

}

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2.2.2、查询文档

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/**

* 通过 MapSolrParams 查询

*/

@Test

public void query() throws IOException, SolrServerException {

   Map<String, String> map = new HashMap<>();

   //查询条件

   map.put("q", "*:*");

   //要显示的内容

   map.put("fl", "id,age,name,poems");

   //排序方式

   map.put("sort", "id asc");

   MapSolrParams solrParams = new MapSolrParams(map);

   QueryResponse queryResponse = solrClient.query(coreName, solrParams);

   SolrDocumentList documents = queryResponse.getResults();

   logger.info("查询到{}个文档！", documents.getNumFound());

   for (SolrDocument document : documents) {

       String id = (String)document.getFieldValue("id");

       Integer age = (Integer)document.getFieldValue("age");

       String name = (String)document.getFieldValue("name");

       String poems = (String)document.getFieldValue("poems");

       logger.info("id={},age={},name={},poems={}", id, age, name, poems);

   }

}

/**

* 通过 solrQuery 查询

*/

@Test

public void query2() throws IOException, SolrServerException {

   SolrQuery solrQuery = new SolrQuery("*:*");

   solrQuery.addField("id");

   solrQuery.addField("age");

   solrQuery.addField("name");

   solrQuery.addField("poems");

   solrQuery.addSort("id", SolrQuery.ORDER.asc);

   //设置返回的行数

   solrQuery.setRows(10);

   QueryResponse queryResponse = solrClient.query(coreName, solrQuery);

   SolrDocumentList documents = queryResponse.getResults();

   logger.info("查询到{}个文档！", documents.getNumFound());

   for (SolrDocument document : documents) {

       String id = (String)document.getFieldValue("id");

       Integer age = (Integer)document.getFieldValue("age");

       String name = (String)document.getFieldValue("name");

       String poems = (String)document.getFieldValue("poems");

       logger.info("id={},age={},name={},poems={}", id, age, name, poems);

   }

}

/**

* 查询返回实例类对象

*/

@Test

public void query3() throws IOException, SolrServerException {

   SolrQuery solrQuery = new SolrQuery("*:*");

   solrQuery.addField("id");

   solrQuery.addField("age");

   solrQuery.addField("name");

   solrQuery.addField("poems");

   solrQuery.addField("about");

   solrQuery.addField("success");

   solrQuery.addSort("id", SolrQuery.ORDER.asc);

   //设置返回的行数

   solrQuery.setRows(10);

   QueryResponse queryResponse = solrClient.query(coreName, solrQuery);

   List<PoetInfo> list = queryResponse.getBeans(PoetInfo.class);

   logger.info("查询到{}个文档！", list.size());

   for (PoetInfo info : list) {

       logger.info(info.toString());

   }

}

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2.2.3、删除文档

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/**

* 根据id删除文档

*/

@Test

public void delete() throws IOException, SolrServerException {

   solrClient.deleteById(coreName, "123456");

   solrClient.commit(coreName, true,true);

}

/**

* 根据查询删除文档

*/

@Test

public void delete2() throws IOException, SolrServerException {

   solrClient.deleteByQuery(coreName, "name:杜甫");

   solrClient.commit(coreName, true,true);

}

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2.2.4、完整代码

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package com.abc.demo.general.solr;

import org.apache.solr.client.solrj.beans.Field;

public class PoetInfo {

   @Field

   private String id;

   @Field

   private Integer age;

   @Field

   private String name;

   @Field

   private String poems;

   @Field

   private String about;

   @Field

   private String success;

   public PoetInfo() {

   }

   public PoetInfo(String id, Integer age, String name, String poems, String about, String success) {

       this.id = id;

       this.age = age;

       this.name = name;

       this.poems = poems;

       this.about = about;

       this.success = success;

   }

   @Override

   public String toString() {

       return "Info{" +

               "id='" + id + '\'' +

               ", age=" + age +

               ", name='" + name + '\'' +

               ", poems='" + poems + '\'' +

               ", about='" + about + '\'' +

               ", success='" + success + '\'' +

               '}';

   }

   public String getId() {

       return id;

   }

   public void setId(String id) {

       this.id = id;

   }

   public Integer getAge() {

       return age;

   }

   public void setAge(Integer age) {

       this.age = age;

   }

   public String getName() {

       return name;

   }

   public void setName(String name) {

       this.name = name;

   }

   public String getAbout() {

       return about;

   }

   public void setAbout(String about) {

       this.about = about;

   }

   public String getSuccess() {

       return success;

   }

   public void setSuccess(String success) {

       this.success = success;

   }

}

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package com.abc.demo.general.solr;

import org.apache.solr.client.solrj.SolrQuery;

import org.apache.solr.client.solrj.SolrServerException;

import org.apache.solr.client.solrj.impl.HttpSolrClient;

import org.apache.solr.client.solrj.response.QueryResponse;

import org.apache.solr.common.SolrDocument;

import org.apache.solr.common.SolrDocumentList;

import org.apache.solr.common.SolrInputDocument;

import org.apache.solr.common.params.MapSolrParams;

import org.junit.After;

import org.junit.Before;

import org.junit.Test;

import org.slf4j.Logger;

import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;

import java.io.IOException;

import java.util.HashMap;

import java.util.List;

import java.util.Map;

public class SolrCase {

   private static Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(SolrCase.class);

   private HttpSolrClient solrClient;

   private String coreName = "new_core";

   @Before

   public void before() {

       solrClient = new HttpSolrClient.Builder("http://10.49.196.10:8983/solr")

               .withConnectionTimeout(10000)

               .withSocketTimeout(60000)

               .build();

   }

   @After

   public void after() throws IOException {

       solrClient.close();

   }

   @Test

   public void update() throws IOException, SolrServerException {

       SolrInputDocument document = new SolrInputDocument();

       document.addField("id", "123456");

       document.addField("age", 30);

       document.addField("name", "李白2");

       document.addField("poems", "望庐山瀑布");

       document.addField("about", "字太白");

       document.addField("success", "创造了古代浪漫主义文学高峰、歌行体和七绝达到后人难及的高度");

       SolrInputDocument document2 = new SolrInputDocument();

       document2.addField("id", "123457");

       document2.addField("age", 31);

       document2.addField("name", "杜甫");

       document2.addField("poems", "望岳");

       document2.addField("about", "字子美");

       document2.addField("success", "唐代伟大的现实主义文学作家，唐诗思想艺术的集大成者");

       solrClient.add(coreName, document);

       solrClient.add(coreName, document2);

       solrClient.commit(coreName, true,true);

   }

   @Test

   public void update2() throws IOException, SolrServerException {

       PoetInfo info = new PoetInfo("123456", 40, "李白", "望庐山瀑布", "字太白", "创造了古代浪漫主义文学高峰、歌行体和七绝达到后人难及的高度");

       solrClient.addBean(coreName, info);

       solrClient.commit(coreName, true,true);

   }

   /**

    * 通过 MapSolrParams 查询

    */

   @Test

   public void query() throws IOException, SolrServerException {

       Map<String, String> map = new HashMap<>();

       //查询条件

       map.put("q", "*:*");

       //要显示的内容

       map.put("fl", "id,age,name,poems");

       //排序方式

       map.put("sort", "id asc");

       MapSolrParams solrParams = new MapSolrParams(map);

       QueryResponse queryResponse = solrClient.query(coreName, solrParams);

       SolrDocumentList documents = queryResponse.getResults();

       logger.info("查询到{}个文档！", documents.getNumFound());

       for (SolrDocument document : documents) {

           String id = (String)document.getFieldValue("id");

           Integer age = (Integer)document.getFieldValue("age");

           String name = (String)document.getFieldValue("name");

           String poems = (String)document.getFieldValue("poems");

           logger.info("id={},age={},name={},poems={}", id, age, name, poems);

       }

   }

   /**

    * 通过 solrQuery 查询

    */

   @Test

   public void query2() throws IOException, SolrServerException {

       SolrQuery solrQuery = new SolrQuery("*:*");

       solrQuery.addField("id");

       solrQuery.addField("age");

       solrQuery.addField("name");

       solrQuery.addField("poems");

       solrQuery.addSort("id", SolrQuery.ORDER.asc);

       //设置返回的行数

       solrQuery.setRows(10);

       QueryResponse queryResponse = solrClient.query(coreName, solrQuery);

       SolrDocumentList documents = queryResponse.getResults();

       logger.info("查询到{}个文档！", documents.getNumFound());

       for (SolrDocument document : documents) {

           String id = (String)document.getFieldValue("id");

           Integer age = (Integer)document.getFieldValue("age");

           String name = (String)document.getFieldValue("name");

           String poems = (String)document.getFieldValue("poems");

           logger.info("id={},age={},name={},poems={}", id, age, name, poems);

       }

   }

   /**

    * 查询返回实例类对象

    */

   @Test

   public void query3() throws IOException, SolrServerException {

       SolrQuery solrQuery = new SolrQuery("*:*");

       solrQuery.addField("id");

       solrQuery.addField("age");

       solrQuery.addField("name");

       solrQuery.addField("poems");

       solrQuery.addField("about");

       solrQuery.addField("success");

       solrQuery.addSort("id", SolrQuery.ORDER.asc);

       //设置返回的行数

       solrQuery.setRows(10);

       QueryResponse queryResponse = solrClient.query(coreName, solrQuery);

       List<PoetInfo> list = queryResponse.getBeans(PoetInfo.class);

       logger.info("查询到{}个文档！", list.size());

       for (PoetInfo info : list) {

           logger.info(info.toString());

       }

   }

   /**

    * 根据id删除文档

    */

   @Test

   public void delete() throws IOException, SolrServerException {

       solrClient.deleteById(coreName, "123456");

       solrClient.commit(coreName, true,true);

   }

   /**

    * 根据查询删除文档

    */

   @Test

   public void delete2() throws IOException, SolrServerException {

       solrClient.deleteByQuery(coreName, "name:杜甫");

       solrClient.commit(coreName, true,true);

   }

}

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3、Java 操作 SolrCloud

Java 操作 SolrCloud 与 Java 操作 Solr 很类似，主要区别有：

1、连接使用的类不同，连接 Solr 使用的是 HttpSolrClient，连接 SolrColud 使用的是 CloudHttp2SolrClient。

2、API 针对的操作对象不同，Solr 针对的是 core，SolrCloud 针对的是 collection。

3.1、引入依赖

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<dependency>

   <groupId>org.apache.solr</groupId>

   <artifactId>solr-solrj</artifactId>

   <version>8.9.0</version>

</dependency>

<dependency>

   <groupId>org.apache.solr</groupId>

   <artifactId>solr-core</artifactId>

   <version>8.9.0</version>

</dependency>

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3.2、编写 demo

3.2.1、增加/更新文档

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@Test

public void update() throws IOException, SolrServerException {

   SolrInputDocument document = new SolrInputDocument();

   document.addField("id", "123456");

   document.addField("age", 30);

   document.addField("name", "李白2");

   document.addField("poems", "望庐山瀑布");

   document.addField("about", "字太白");

   document.addField("success", "创造了古代浪漫主义文学高峰、歌行体和七绝达到后人难及的高度");

   SolrInputDocument document2 = new SolrInputDocument();

   document2.addField("id", "123457");

   document2.addField("age", 31);

   document2.addField("name", "杜甫");

   document2.addField("poems", "望岳");

   document2.addField("about", "字子美");

   document2.addField("success", "唐代伟大的现实主义文学作家，唐诗思想艺术的集大成者");

   solrClient.add(collection, document);

   solrClient.add(collection, document2);

   solrClient.commit(collection, true,true);

}

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还可以通过实体类来增加/更新文档：

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@Test

public void update2() throws IOException, SolrServerException {

   PoetInfo info = new PoetInfo("123456", 40, "李白", "望庐山瀑布", "字太白", "创造了古代浪漫主义文学高峰、歌行体和七绝达到后人难及的高度");

   solrClient.addBean(collection, info);

   solrClient.commit(collection, true,true);

}

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3.2.2、查询文档

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/**

* 通过 MapSolrParams 查询

*/

@Test

public void query() throws IOException, SolrServerException {

   Map<String, String> map = new HashMap<>();

   //查询条件

   map.put("q", "*:*");

   //要显示的内容

   map.put("fl", "id,age,name,poems");

   //排序方式

   map.put("sort", "id asc");

   MapSolrParams solrParams = new MapSolrParams(map);

   QueryResponse queryResponse = solrClient.query(collection, solrParams);

   SolrDocumentList documents = queryResponse.getResults();

   logger.info("查询到{}个文档！", documents.getNumFound());

   for (SolrDocument document : documents) {

       String id = (String)document.getFieldValue("id");

       Integer age = (Integer)document.getFieldValue("age");

       String name = (String)document.getFieldValue("name");

       String poems = (String)document.getFieldValue("poems");

       logger.info("id={},age={},name={},poems={}", id, age, name, poems);

   }

}

/**

* 通过 solrQuery 查询

*/

@Test

public void query2() throws IOException, SolrServerException {

   SolrQuery solrQuery = new SolrQuery("*:*");

   solrQuery.addField("id");

   solrQuery.addField("age");

   solrQuery.addField("name");

   solrQuery.addField("poems");

   solrQuery.addSort("id", SolrQuery.ORDER.asc);

   //设置返回的行数

   solrQuery.setRows(10);

   QueryResponse queryResponse = solrClient.query(collection, solrQuery);

   SolrDocumentList documents = queryResponse.getResults();

   logger.info("查询到{}个文档！", documents.getNumFound());

   for (SolrDocument document : documents) {

       String id = (String)document.getFieldValue("id");

       Integer age = (Integer)document.getFieldValue("age");

       String name = (String)document.getFieldValue("name");

       String poems = (String)document.getFieldValue("poems");

       logger.info("id={},age={},name={},poems={}", id, age, name, poems);

   }

}

/**

* 查询返回实例类对象

*/

@Test

public void query3() throws IOException, SolrServerException {

   SolrQuery solrQuery = new SolrQuery("*:*");

   solrQuery.addField("id");

   solrQuery.addField("age");

   solrQuery.addField("name");

   solrQuery.addField("poems");

   solrQuery.addField("about");

   solrQuery.addField("success");

   solrQuery.addSort("id", SolrQuery.ORDER.asc);

   //设置返回的行数

   solrQuery.setRows(10);

   QueryResponse queryResponse = solrClient.query(collection, solrQuery);

   List<PoetInfo> list = queryResponse.getBeans(PoetInfo.class);

   logger.info("查询到{}个文档！", list.size());

   for (PoetInfo info : list) {

       logger.info(info.toString());

   }

}

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3.2.3、删除文档

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/**

* 根据id删除文档

*/

@Test

public void delete() throws IOException, SolrServerException {

   solrClient.deleteById(collection, "123457");

   solrClient.commit(collection, true,true);

}

/**

* 根据查询删除文档

*/

@Test

public void delete2() throws IOException, SolrServerException {

   solrClient.deleteByQuery(collection, "name:杜甫");

   solrClient.commit(collection, true,true);

}

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3.2.4、完整代码

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package com.abc.demo.general.solr;

import org.apache.solr.client.solrj.beans.Field;

public class PoetInfo {

   @Field

   private String id;

   @Field

   private Integer age;

   @Field

   private String name;

   @Field

   private String poems;

   @Field

   private String about;

   @Field

   private String success;

   public PoetInfo() {

   }

   public PoetInfo(String id, Integer age, String name, String poems, String about, String success) {

       this.id = id;

       this.age = age;

       this.name = name;

       this.poems = poems;

       this.about = about;

       this.success = success;

   }

   @Override

   public String toString() {

       return "Info{" +

               "id='" + id + '\'' +

               ", age=" + age +

               ", name='" + name + '\'' +

               ", poems='" + poems + '\'' +

               ", about='" + about + '\'' +

               ", success='" + success + '\'' +

               '}';

   }

   public String getId() {

       return id;

   }

   public void setId(String id) {

       this.id = id;

   }

   public Integer getAge() {

       return age;

   }

   public void setAge(Integer age) {

       this.age = age;

   }

   public String getName() {

       return name;

   }

   public void setName(String name) {

       this.name = name;

   }

   public String getAbout() {

       return about;

   }

   public void setAbout(String about) {

       this.about = about;

   }

   public String getSuccess() {

       return success;

   }

   public void setSuccess(String success) {

       this.success = success;

   }

}

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package com.abc.demo.general.solr;

import org.apache.solr.client.solrj.SolrQuery;

import org.apache.solr.client.solrj.SolrServerException;

import org.apache.solr.client.solrj.impl.CloudHttp2SolrClient;

import org.apache.solr.client.solrj.response.QueryResponse;

import org.apache.solr.common.SolrDocument;

import org.apache.solr.common.SolrDocumentList;

import org.apache.solr.common.SolrInputDocument;

import org.apache.solr.common.params.MapSolrParams;

import org.junit.After;

import org.junit.Before;

import org.junit.Test;

import org.slf4j.Logger;

import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;

import java.io.IOException;

import java.util.ArrayList;

import java.util.HashMap;

import java.util.List;

import java.util.Map;

public class CloudSolrCase {

   private static Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(CloudSolrCase.class);

   private CloudHttp2SolrClient solrClient;

   private String collection = "collection-1";

   @Before

   public void before() {

       List<String> urls = new ArrayList<>();

       urls.add("http://10.49.196.10:8983/solr");

       urls.add("http://10.49.196.11:8983/solr");

       urls.add("http://10.49.196.12:8983/solr");

       solrClient = new CloudHttp2SolrClient.Builder(urls).build();

   }

   @After

   public void after() throws IOException {

       solrClient.close();

   }

   @Test

   public void update() throws IOException, SolrServerException {

       SolrInputDocument document = new SolrInputDocument();

       document.addField("id", "123456");

       document.addField("age", 30);

       document.addField("name", "李白2");

       document.addField("poems", "望庐山瀑布");

       document.addField("about", "字太白");

       document.addField("success", "创造了古代浪漫主义文学高峰、歌行体和七绝达到后人难及的高度");

       SolrInputDocument document2 = new SolrInputDocument();

       document2.addField("id", "123457");

       document2.addField("age", 31);

       document2.addField("name", "杜甫");

       document2.addField("poems", "望岳");

       document2.addField("about", "字子美");

       document2.addField("success", "唐代伟大的现实主义文学作家，唐诗思想艺术的集大成者");

       solrClient.add(collection, document);

       solrClient.add(collection, document2);

       solrClient.commit(collection, true,true);

   }

   @Test

   public void update2() throws IOException, SolrServerException {

       PoetInfo info = new PoetInfo("123456", 40, "李白", "望庐山瀑布", "字太白", "创造了古代浪漫主义文学高峰、歌行体和七绝达到后人难及的高度");

       solrClient.addBean(collection, info);

       solrClient.commit(collection, true,true);

   }

   /**

    * 通过 MapSolrParams 查询

    */

   @Test

   public void query() throws IOException, SolrServerException {

       Map<String, String> map = new HashMap<>();

       //查询条件

       map.put("q", "*:*");

       //要显示的内容

       map.put("fl", "id,age,name,poems");

       //排序方式

       map.put("sort", "id asc");

       MapSolrParams solrParams = new MapSolrParams(map);

       QueryResponse queryResponse = solrClient.query(collection, solrParams);

       SolrDocumentList documents = queryResponse.getResults();

       logger.info("查询到{}个文档！", documents.getNumFound());

       for (SolrDocument document : documents) {

           String id = (String)document.getFieldValue("id");

           Integer age = (Integer)document.getFieldValue("age");

           String name = (String)document.getFieldValue("name");

           String poems = (String)document.getFieldValue("poems");

           logger.info("id={},age={},name={},poems={}", id, age, name, poems);

       }

   }

   /**

    * 通过 solrQuery 查询

    */

   @Test

   public void query2() throws IOException, SolrServerException {

       SolrQuery solrQuery = new SolrQuery("*:*");

       solrQuery.addField("id");

       solrQuery.addField("age");

       solrQuery.addField("name");

       solrQuery.addField("poems");

       solrQuery.addSort("id", SolrQuery.ORDER.asc);

       //设置返回的行数

       solrQuery.setRows(10);

       QueryResponse queryResponse = solrClient.query(collection, solrQuery);

       SolrDocumentList documents = queryResponse.getResults();

       logger.info("查询到{}个文档！", documents.getNumFound());

       for (SolrDocument document : documents) {

           String id = (String)document.getFieldValue("id");

           Integer age = (Integer)document.getFieldValue("age");

           String name = (String)document.getFieldValue("name");

           String poems = (String)document.getFieldValue("poems");

           logger.info("id={},age={},name={},poems={}", id, age, name, poems);

       }

   }

   /**

    * 查询返回实例类对象

    */

   @Test

   public void query3() throws IOException, SolrServerException {

       SolrQuery solrQuery = new SolrQuery("*:*");

       solrQuery.addField("id");

       solrQuery.addField("age");

       solrQuery.addField("name");

       solrQuery.addField("poems");

       solrQuery.addField("about");

       solrQuery.addField("success");

       solrQuery.addSort("id", SolrQuery.ORDER.asc);

       //设置返回的行数

       solrQuery.setRows(10);

       QueryResponse queryResponse = solrClient.query(collection, solrQuery);

       List<PoetInfo> list = queryResponse.getBeans(PoetInfo.class);

       logger.info("查询到{}个文档！", list.size());

       for (PoetInfo info : list) {

           logger.info(info.toString());

       }

   }

   /**

    * 根据id删除文档

    */

   @Test

   public void delete() throws IOException, SolrServerException {

       solrClient.deleteById(collection, "123457");

       solrClient.commit(collection, true,true);

   }

   /**

    * 根据查询删除文档

    */

   @Test

   public void delete2() throws IOException, SolrServerException {

       solrClient.deleteByQuery(collection, "name:杜甫");

       solrClient.commit(collection, true,true);

   }

}

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